Embedded C firmware development for real-time systems, Low-level driver development., BSP bring-up and hardware abstraction, Boot and startup code fundamentals, ARM Cortex-M: STM32, Microchip, NXP, Texas Instruments etc., Bare-metal firmware development, FreeRTOS (task scheduling, timing optimization, driver integration)., Basic exposure to embedded Linux environments, CAN (monitoring, diagnostics, fault handling)., UART, I2C, SPI, Ethernet, USB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, MPLAB X IDE, MCUXpresso IDE, STM32, CCS, JTAG, SWD, Oscilloscope, Logic Analyzer, V-Model/Agile development., Version control: Git., Polarian ALM.